Fabrication and functionalization of nanocomposite scaffolds for enhancement of bone cell growth and differentiation
Publication Date
July 27, 2024
Creator
Nurzulaikha Binti Rosli
Abstract
Pure chitosan scaffolds have been reported to show insufficient mechanical strength and fast degradation rate. Reinforcement of chitosan scaffolds with titanium dioxide nanotubes (TNTs) and nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) as ceramic fillers and tiger milk mushroom powder (TMMP) as osteoconductive compound improvised the performance of chitosan scaffold in terms of in vitro biocompatibility, physical, chemical and mechanical properties. In this study, TMM-CNTs and TMM-CnHA scaffolds were successfully fabricated via direct blending, freezing and freeze-drying methods. These newly developed scaffolds fulfilled basic requirement of 3-D porous scaffold for bone tissue engineering. TMM-CNTs and TMM-CnHA scaffold exhibited highly interconnected pores network with pore size ranging 36 -83 µm and 20.80 – 63.93 µm respectively. The porosity of TMM-CNTs and TMM-CnHA scaffolds was in the range of 92.85 – 86.27 % and 77.02 – 81.35% respectively which fell in an acceptable range for bone regeneration. The compressive modulus for TMM-CNTs and TMM-CnHA scaffolds met the minimum compressive modulus of cancellous bone. They also showed adequate swelling ratio and slower degradation ratio which would be beneficial to support osteoblastic activities during bone growth. The addition of TMMP at varied wt % in CTNTs and CnHA scaffolds promoted cells adhesion of MG63 cells which in turn facilitated better cell viability and early differentiation. TMM-CTNTs scaffolds showed slow and steady MG63 cells enhancement, as cells viability and early differentiation highly depended on TMMP wt% that initiated cells response after the release of potassium and magnesium ions. Meanwhile, the combination of TMMP and the smallest nHA in chitosan scaffolds showed synergetic effect in accelerating in vitro efficacy for bone growth. TMM-CTNTs and TMM-CnHA scaffolds facilitated enhanced in vitro efficacy with improved mechanical, physical and biocompatibility properties. Hence, they have great potential as scaffolding constructs for bone regeneration.
Item Type
ethesis
Thesis Type
PhD
Supervisors
Subjects (LC)
Associated Schools / Departments
Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering (MY)
eprints ID
78021
UoN Repository URI
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